{"id":745,"date":"2017-11-27T19:55:59","date_gmt":"2017-11-27T19:55:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/jsjournal\/?p=745"},"modified":"2019-05-23T17:44:41","modified_gmt":"2019-05-23T17:44:41","slug":"beyond-hukou-barrier-systemic-inequalities-shandong-province-nicholas-steele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/jsjournal\/beyond-hukou-barrier-systemic-inequalities-shandong-province-nicholas-steele\/","title":{"rendered":"Beyond the Hukou Barrier: Systemic Inequalities in Shandong Province, by Nicholas Steele"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"Body\"><span style=\"font-family: Times\">China\u2019s <i>hukou <\/i>system, the national household registry, renders society into the urban-haves and the rural-have-nots. The <i>hukou <\/i>functions as an arbiter of entitlements by granting holders of urban status<i> <\/i>the benefit of public education, pensions, and healthcare, among other services that are lacking for rural-<i>hukou <\/i>holders. I argue that the <i>hukou <\/i>system is the chief barrier to reforming China\u2019s economy towards a high-skill, high-wage model. This essay examines the inequalities stemming from the rural-urban divide within the scope of Shandong province. Emblematic of China\u2019s macroeconomic restructuring, Shandong province is viewed as the bellwether for similar eastern coastal provinces leading market-oriented economic reform. By looking at demographic trends, lifestyle data from China\u2019s 2014 census, and a variety of economic figures, I build an empirical picture of inequality in Shandong province. With data from the <i>China Labour Bulletin, <\/i>I highlight the growing social instability emanating from the outgrowth of the <i>hukou\u2019s <\/i>system:<i> <\/i>rural-migrant labor. Moving forward, I propose three policy reforms that align with China\u2019s transition into an equitable economy. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span style=\"font-family: Times\">Edited by Rachel Pollard.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>China\u2019s hukou system, the national household registry, renders society into the urban-haves and the rural-have-nots. The hukou functions as an arbiter of entitlements by granting holders of urban status the benefit of public education, pensions, and healthcare, among other services that are lacking for rural-hukou holders. I argue that the hukou system is the chief<\/p>\n<div><a class=\"more\" href=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/jsjournal\/beyond-hukou-barrier-systemic-inequalities-shandong-province-nicholas-steele\/\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":485,"featured_media":847,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[57,59,58],"class_list":["post-745","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article","tag-autumn-2017","tag-beyond-the-hukou-barrier","tag-nicholas-steele"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Beyond the Hukou Barrier: Systemic Inequalities in Shandong Province, by Nicholas Steele - Jackson School of International Studies Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/jsjournal\/beyond-hukou-barrier-systemic-inequalities-shandong-province-nicholas-steele\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Beyond the Hukou Barrier: Systemic Inequalities in Shandong Province, by Nicholas Steele - Jackson School of International Studies Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"China\u2019s hukou system, the national household registry, renders society into the urban-haves and the rural-have-nots. 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