{"id":8053,"date":"2024-06-20T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-06-20T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/?p=8053"},"modified":"2024-11-13T13:49:08","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T21:49:08","slug":"archives-in-argentina-shed-light-on-human-rights-abuses-in-el-salvador","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/2024\/06\/20\/archives-in-argentina-shed-light-on-human-rights-abuses-in-el-salvador\/","title":{"rendered":"How Archives in Argentina Shed Light on Human Rights Abuses in El Salvador"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Written by Nicole Grabiel<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Buenos Aires is hot in December. I knew this, theoretically at least, before UW Center for Human Rights (UWCHR) director Angelina Godoy, associate director Gai-Hoai Nguyen, and I boarded our flights to the Argentine capital. I had packed linen pants, my lightest tops, sunscreen, a water bottle, and my trusty pair of wayfarer sunglasses, but nothing could prepare me for the climatic shock that is hopscotching from Seattle\u2019s cold and gloomy winters to spending all day in a small, sweltering reading room, windows shut to keep papers from flying away and the sun beating in. For all that I had read about and wrestled with history during my undergraduate career, I had never actually set foot in an archive. This one was smaller, dustier, and hotter than I had imagined, but as I stood there in the summer heat and stared down at the pages laid out before me, my only thought was \u201cI\u2019m here! I\u2019m really here!\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>We had traveled to Buenos Aires to consult a set of diplomatic cables relevant to <a href=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/projects\/unfinished-sentences\/\">Unfinished Sentences<\/a>, the UW Center for Human Rights project that documents human rights abuses stemming from El Salvador\u2019s armed conflict (1980-1992).<\/strong> Argentina, much like the United States, supported the government of El Salvador during the war, and we knew, thanks to an online database called\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/desclasificacion.cancilleria.gob.ar\/documentacion\">Colecci\u00f3n\u00a0Forti<\/a>, that Argentine cables from that period contain potentially useful information about Central America. After exchanging emails with archivists at the Historical Archive of the Chancellery (<em>Archivo<\/em><em>\u00a0Hist\u00f3rico\u00a0de la\u00a0Canciller\u00eda)\u00a0<\/em>and confirming that there were indeed more cables available in Buenos Aires, we decided the only thing for us to do was to go down there and see them ourselves.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>For all that I had read about and wrestled with history during my undergraduate career, I had never actually set foot in an archive. This one was smaller, dustier, and hotter than I had imagined, but as I stood there in the summer heat and stared down at the pages laid out before me, my only thought was \u201cI\u2019m here! I\u2019m really here!\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>During the week that we were in Argentina, we settled into a kind of surreal research routine. Every morning at 9:30 am, the archive\u2019s passenger van, or <em>kombi<\/em>, whisked us from the city center to a tired industrial building in the heart of Buenos Aires\u2019 little-traveled port zone. Between then and the kombi\u2019s reappearance at 3:30pm, we stood around a large central table in the reading room and read and read and read. As we worked, flipping through cables that were so thin as to be see-through and torn along the edges where they passed through rusty binder rings, we called out our more interesting finds. \u201cHave you ever seen a document with a burn notice?\u201d\u00a0Hoai\u00a0might ask, holding up a cable that instructs the reader to burn it if at risk of discovery. Whenever we got too excited and started to work in the same space or pass around a document, archivists Laura and Juan chastised us from behind their desks. I would like to think that they tacitly admired our enthusiasm, as they also readily lent their energy and expertise to our search. They often took the kombi back with us, and after waving goodbye, Angelina,\u00a0Hoai, and I would stroll back to our hotel and chatter about all that we had seen and all that we had to dig into when we got back to Seattle.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u201cHave you ever seen a document with a burn notice?\u201d\u00a0Hoai\u00a0might ask, holding up a cable that instructs the reader to burn it if at risk of discovery.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_8055\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 314px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/2024\/06\/10\/archives-in-argentina-shed-light-on-human-rights-abuses-in-el-salvador\/caja-982_19790921_345\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8055\" src=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/05\/caja-982_19790921_345-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"314\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/05\/caja-982_19790921_345-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/05\/caja-982_19790921_345-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/05\/caja-982_19790921_345-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/05\/caja-982_19790921_345-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/05\/caja-982_19790921_345-375x500.jpg 375w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/05\/caja-982_19790921_345-750x1000.jpg 750w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/05\/caja-982_19790921_345-1140x1520.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/05\/caja-982_19790921_345-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 314px) 100vw, 314px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cable found in the Archivo Hist\u00f3rico de la Canciller\u00eda in Buenos Aires, Argentina saying Rafael Flores Lima, El Salvador\u2019s wartime Deputy Minister of Defense, traveled to Buenos Aires at the height of Argentina\u2019s \u201cdirty war\u201d to learn about \u201cthe fight against subversion, especially intelligence and psychological action.\u201d Photo credit\/Nicole Grabiel.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>In total, we brought home images of more than 1,000 documents about Argentina\u2019s relationship with El Salvador during the late 1970s and early 1980s. <strong>As I write this I am still in the middle of processing them all, but already we have made several important discoveries.<\/strong> There is, for example, a <a href=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/05\/caja-982_19790921_345-scaled.jpg\">cable<\/a>\u00a0that says Rafael Flores Lima, El Salvador\u2019s wartime Deputy Minister of Defense, traveled to Buenos Aires at the height of Argentina\u2019s \u201cdirty war\u201d to learn about \u201cthe fight against subversion, especially intelligence and psychological action.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0Other cables reference\u00a0Arcatao, a village in El Salvador where UWCHR researchers <a href=\"https:\/\/unfinishedsentences.org\/reports\/foia-desembarco\/\">have documented several massacres<\/a>, and in at least one case, a cable names dozens of alleged Salvadoran \u201csubversives\u201d who later became victims of state violence. <strong>Based on these documents, we have been able to share new information with a family from El Salvador about their loved one\u2019s disappearance<\/strong>, and I have written an award-winning undergraduate thesis about Argentina\u2019s influence on El Salvador from 1978 to 1980. The bottom line is that whenever money, arms, and training are coordinated across international borders, it creates a paper trail. UWCHR has long taken advantage of the paper trail between El Salvador and the United States to document human rights abuses, and we are finding that expanding our search to include countries like Argentina gives us more opportunities to pinpoint the information that human rights workers need.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>What we all understood, however, Marcos perhaps better than any of us, is that we had traveled all the way to Argentina because historical memory is precious.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_8087\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 300px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8087 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/HoaiPics_9824-scaled-e1718212166364-300x272.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"272\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/HoaiPics_9824-scaled-e1718212166364-300x272.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/HoaiPics_9824-scaled-e1718212166364-1024x929.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/HoaiPics_9824-scaled-e1718212166364-768x697.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/HoaiPics_9824-scaled-e1718212166364-1536x1394.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/HoaiPics_9824-scaled-e1718212166364-2048x1858.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/HoaiPics_9824-scaled-e1718212166364-375x340.jpg 375w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/HoaiPics_9824-scaled-e1718212166364-750x681.jpg 750w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/HoaiPics_9824-scaled-e1718212166364-1140x1034.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">UWCHR researchers wear gloves to protect documents they are reviewing at the Archivo Hist\u00f3rico de la Canciller\u00eda. Photo credit\/Gai-Hoai Nguyen.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>For me, these documents will always be colored by the memory of my first big international research trip; by the thrill of traveling farther from home than ever before, the smell of jacaranda trees in the summer, the thrum of the kombi, the weight of our visit to a former torture-sight-turned-memorial-space, and the kindness of several Argentine researchers and archivists who shared their visions of historical memory and human rights with us. On our last day in the archive, one of those archivists, Marcos, gave us a hard time for having traveled all the way to Argentina only to spend most of our time cooped up in the reading room. \u201cYou should be sightseeing,\u201d he joked as we scrambled to photograph the last few cables. What we all understood, however, Marcos perhaps better than any of us, is that we had traveled all the way to Argentina because historical memory is precious. To get to see these cables, to hold them, and, if we are doing our job correctly, to put them at the service of human rights is something that most students can only imagine, and yet there I was, sweating through my shirt in that tiny, sun-drenched room, loving every minute of it.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8157\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 283px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-8157\" src=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/Argentina_NicoleGrabiel2-225x300.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"377\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/Argentina_NicoleGrabiel2-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/Argentina_NicoleGrabiel2-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/Argentina_NicoleGrabiel2-375x500.jpeg 375w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/Argentina_NicoleGrabiel2-750x1000.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2024\/06\/Argentina_NicoleGrabiel2.jpeg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 283px) 100vw, 283px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nicole looks at an exhibit at the Escuela de Mecanica de la Armada, a former Argentine Navy torture site during the civil-military dictatorship of 1976-1983.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>Notes<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0Embajada Argentina en El Salvador, \u201cCable Secreto 345,\u201d September 21, 1979, Direcci\u00f3n de Comunicaciones, Caja 982, El Salvador Recibidos 1 al 606 y expedidos 1 al 363, Archivo Hist\u00f3rico de Canciller\u00eda &#8211; Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio Internacional y Culto.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Written by Nicole Grabiel Buenos Aires is hot in December. I knew this, theoretically at least, before UW Center for Human Rights (UWCHR) director Angelina Godoy, associate director Gai-Hoai Nguyen, and I boarded our flights to the Argentine capital. I had packed linen pants, my lightest tops, sunscreen, a water bottle, and my trusty pair<\/p>\n<div><a class=\"more\" href=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/2024\/06\/20\/archives-in-argentina-shed-light-on-human-rights-abuses-in-el-salvador\/\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":675,"featured_media":8092,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[433,15,1,24],"tags":[437,434,436,80,84,435,157],"class_list":["post-8053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2023-2024","category-news","category-uncategorized","category-unfinished-sentences","tag-arcatao","tag-archives","tag-argentina","tag-el-salvador","tag-foia","tag-nicole-grabiel","tag-unfinished-sentences"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How Archives in Argentina Shed Light on Human Rights Abuses in El Salvador - Center for Human Rights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/humanrights\/2024\/06\/20\/archives-in-argentina-shed-light-on-human-rights-abuses-in-el-salvador\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Archives in Argentina Shed Light on Human Rights Abuses in El Salvador - Center for Human Rights\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Written by Nicole Grabiel Buenos Aires is hot in December. I knew this, theoretically at least, before UW Center for Human Rights (UWCHR) director Angelina Godoy, associate director Gai-Hoai Nguyen, and I boarded our flights to the Argentine capital. 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