{"id":269,"date":"2013-11-05T09:32:48","date_gmt":"2013-11-05T17:32:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.uw.edu\/reecas\/?p=269"},"modified":"2016-09-21T20:33:08","modified_gmt":"2016-09-21T20:33:08","slug":"understanding-post-soviet-ukraine-through-literature","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/ellisoncenter\/news\/understanding-post-soviet-ukraine-through-literature\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding post-Soviet Ukraine through literature"},"content":{"rendered":"

by Christi Anne Hofland<\/p>\n

This article is based on a paper<\/a>\u00a0presented at the Nineteenth Annual Russian, East European and Central Asian Studies Northwest Conference <\/a>in April 2013.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"Recreations<\/a>Since independence in 1991, Ukraine has struggled with uncertainty as it attempts to solidify a national identity and forge a path for its future. One of its greatest challenges has been defining its relationship to Russia and the European Union. It is in this process of transition that the work of artists, writers and philosophers reflects the reassessment process of national, cultural and sociopolitical identity. Ukrainian writers are currently striving to establish themselves in a European context, while at the same recovering from their Soviet past in which their language and culture was stigmatized as uncultured and provincial (Chernetsky, \u201cDisplacement and Identity\u201d 216). At the forefront is Yuri Andrukhovych, one of Ukraine\u2019s most widely read contemporary authors. Credited with having radically renewed Ukrainian poetry in the mid-1980s, Yuri Andrukhovych writes in Ukrainian and is known for his pro-Ukrainian and pro-European views. The work that made him most popular, albeit most controversial, is his quasi-trilogy of novels,\u00a0Recreations<\/i>\u00a0(\u0420\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457,<\/i>\u00a01992),\u00a0The<\/i>\u00a0Moscoviad<\/i>\u00a0(\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0430\u0434\u0430<\/i>, 1993), and\u00a0Perverzion<\/i>\u00a0(\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0456\u044f<\/i>, 1996) in which he explores the issue of Ukraine\u2019s post-Soviet national identity.<\/p>\n

Recreations\u00a0<\/i>examines Ukraine\u2019s internal transition to an independent state, its attempt to do away with political repression and to move past provincialism (Stech 233). It is also a critique of Ukrainian intellectuals and society on the verge of independence (Chernetsky, \u201cMapping\u201d 217).\u00a0It takes place at a festival called \u201cThe Holiday of the Resurrecting Spirit\u201d in Chortopil (in English: Devilville), a town in Western Ukraine. Despite a seemingly gloomy outlook, the book also manages to characterize Ukraine as having a passion for change while trying to deal with what remains from its past corrupt society. As a result, the book has become a defining piece of literature that has been used to characterize the role of new literature for Western Ukraine. (Chernetsky, \u201cRev. of Recreations\u201d 543).<\/p>\n

While\u00a0Recreations<\/i>\u00a0considered the situation in Ukraine,\u00a0The<\/i>\u00a0Moscoviad<\/i>\u00a0examines Ukraine\u2019s relationship with its empirical neighbor, Russia. The story takes place during the collapse of the Soviet Union and follows one day in the life of Otto Von F., a literary student at the famous Moscow Gorki Institute. Otto Von F. finds himself out of place in a hostile impersonal Moscow and unable to write anything creative. To his relief, he escapes back to his motherland \u2014 Ukraine. Andrukhovych uses the story\u2019s conclusion to illustrate his view of what the Soviet Union ultimately did to its citizens \u2014 it forced them to retreat to their homelands (\u201cThe Complete Review\u201d).<\/p>\n

Andrukhovych\u2019s third novel,\u00a0Perverzion<\/i>, explores the place of the Ukrainian post-Soviet intellectual in the West. The book tells the story of Stanislav Perfetsky, a Ukrainian poet who is invited to Venice for a conference entitled \u201cThe Post-Carnival Absurdity of the World: What is on the Horizon?\u201d The story follows the events of the conference in Venice and ends with the mysterious disappearance of Perfetsky in which he supposedly jumps out of the window of his hotel and into the canal where he meets his end. The reader is never certain, however, whether Perfetsky died or just escaped and disappeared into Europe with a new identity.<\/p>\n

Perverzion<\/i>\u00a0illustrates Andrukhovych\u2019s opinion of Ukrainian national identity in relation to the West. On one side, he is sarcastic towards a West that he portrays as disinterested and ignorant of Ukraine. On the other side, it appears that Europe is Andrukovych\u2019s ideal \u2014 as a saint aspires for perfection, Ukraine aspires to become part of Europe (Naydan 456). Furthermore, in the story, Perfetsky realizes that his current life must come to a complete end before his new life can begin. This is why he staged his suicide to escape. Perhaps this is Andrukhovych\u2019s recommendation for the manner in which Ukraine should transition to independence \u2014 the old ways of Ukraine should completely die before it can embrace a new identity (Stech 239).<\/p>\n

Andrukhovych makes his ideas of Ukrainian national identity clear through his quasi-trilogy. His work strives to make up for the loss of artistic expression Ukraine experienced under the oppressive Soviet rule (Ivashkiv 38). He also sees it as his responsibility to inform Ukraine about the West and inform the world about his desires for Ukraine.<\/p>\n

The debate about identity and nationalism is centuries old for Ukraine. In fact, it appears that the current debate around nationalism is just a continuation of the same issues debated in Ukraine over a century ago. Andrukhovych, for example, has given many interviews in which he quotes what Ivan Franko famously said over a hundred years ago, \u201cWe, too, are in Europe\u201d (Andrukhovych, \u201cEurope\u2014My Neurosis\u201d). Regardless of what happens politically in Ukraine in the next year, the long-lasting weight of the question of national identity will continue. The issues of national identity have a destiny of their own made up of complex constructions of an interrelation of ethnic, cultural, territorial, economic and political components (Smith 15).<\/p>\n

Christi-Anne Hofland is a 2015 REECAS and Evans School of Public Policy master’s student.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Works Cited and Consulted<\/strong><\/p>\n

Andrukhovych, Yuri. \u201cEurope\u2014My Neurosis.\u201d The Ukrainian Quarterly. <\/i>New York, N.Y., Ukrainian Congress Committee of America. Vol. 62, no. 1 (Spring 2006).<\/p>\n

Andrukhovych, Yuri. \u201cSaving a \u2018Cursed\u2019 Ukraine.\u201d The Ukrainian Quarterly. <\/i>New York, N.Y., Ukrainian Congress Committee of America. Vol. 61, no. 1-2 (Spring- 2005).<\/p>\n

Andrukhovych, Yuri. Perverzion<\/i>, trans. and intro. by Michael M. Naydan. Evanston, Ill. : Northwestern University Press, 2005.<\/p>\n

Andrukhovych, Yuri. Recreations<\/i>, trans. and intro. by Marko Pavlyshyn. Toronto: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press, 1998.<\/p>\n

Andrukhovych, Yuri. The Moscoviad<\/i>, trans. and intro. by Vitaly Chernetsky. New York: Spuyten Duyvil, 2008.<\/p>\n

Andryczyk, Mark. The Intellectual as Hero in 1990s Ukrainian Fiction. <\/i>Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2012.<\/p>\n

Bailey. Sharon M. Rev. of Perverzion by Yuri Andrukhovych; Michael M. Naydan. The Slavic and East European Journal<\/i>, Vol. 50, No. 3, Special Forum Issue: ContemporaryUkrainian Literature and National Identity (Fall, 2006), pp. 524-526.<\/p>\n

Balinska-Ourdeva, Vessela. \u201cThe Act of Reading as a Rite of Passage: Iurii Andrukhovych’s Rekreatsii.\u201d Canadian Slavonic Papers<\/i>. Vol. 40, no. 3-4. (Sep-Dec 1998), pp. 209-231.<\/p>\n

Chernetsky, Vitaly. Mapping Postcommunist Cultures: Russia and Ukraine in the Context of Globalization.<\/i> Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen\u2019s University Press, 2007.<\/p>\n

Chernetsky, Vitaly. Rev. of Recreations by Yuri Andrukhovych; Marko Pavlyshyn. The Slavic and East European Journal<\/i>, Vol. 43, No. 3 (Autumn, 1999), pp. 543-544.<\/p>\n

Chernetsky, Vitaly. \u201cThe Trope of Displacement and Identity Construction in Post-Colonial Ukrainian Fiction.\u201d Journal of Ukrainian Studies; <\/i>Summer 2002; Vol. 27, no. 1-2 (Summer-Winter 2002); pg. 215-216.<\/p>\n

Hnatiuk, Ola. \u201cNativists versus Westernizers: Problems of Cultural Identity in Ukranian Literature of the 1990s.\u201d Contemporary Ukraine on the Cultural Map of Europe.<\/i> Zaleska, Larissa M.L. and Maria G Rewakowicz, eds. <\/i>Armonk, N.Y. : M.E. Sharpe, Inc. in cooperation with the Shevchenko Scientific Society, 2009. 203-218.<\/p>\n

Ivaskiv, Roman. \u201cPostmodern Approaches to Representation of Reality in Ukrainian and Russian Literatures: The Prose of Yuri Andrukhovych and Viktor Pelevin.\u201d Journal of Ukrainian Studies. <\/i>32, no. 1 (2007 Summer): p. 37-61.<\/p>\n

Naydan, Michael M. \u201cTranslating a Novel\u2019s Novelty: Yuri Andrukhovych\u2019s Perverzion in English. Yale Journal of Criticism<\/i>, Volume 16, Number 2, Fall 2003: pp. 455-464.<\/p>\n

Pavlyshyn, Marko. Andrukhovych\u2019s Secret: The return of colonial resignation, Journal of Postcolonial Writing, 48:2, 188-199, 2012.<\/p>\n

Pavlyshyn, Marko. \u201cChoosing a Europe: Andrukhovych, Izdryk, and the New Ukrainian Literature.\u201d Contemporary Ukraine on the Cultural Map of Europe.<\/i> Zaleska, Larissa M.L. and Maria G Rewakowicz, eds. <\/i>Armonk, N.Y. : M.E. Sharpe, Inc. in cooperation with the Shevchenko Scientific Society, 2009. 249-263.<\/p>\n

Smith, Anthony. National Identity<\/i>. Reno: University of Nevada Press, 1991.<\/p>\n

Stech, Marko Robert. \u201cSymbols of Transformation: The Reflection of Ukraine\u2019s \u2018Identity Shift\u2019 in Four Ukrainian Novels of the 1990s.\u201d Contemporary Ukraine on the Cultural Map of Europe.<\/i> Zaleska, Larissa M.L. and Maria G Rewakowicz, eds. <\/i>Armonk, N.Y. : M.E. Sharpe, Inc. in cooperation with the Shevchenko Scientific Society, 2009. 231-248.<\/p>\n

Stefanowska, Lidia. \u201cBack to the Golden Age: The Discourse of Nostalgia in Galicia in the 1990s.\u201d Contemporary Ukraine on the Cultural Map of Europe.<\/i> Zaleska, Larissa M.L. and Maria G Rewakowicz, eds. <\/i>Armonk, N.Y. : M.E. Sharpe, Inc. in cooperation with the Shevchenko Scientific Society, 2009. 219-230.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Moscoviad: The Complete Review\u2019s Review.\u201d The Complete Review. <\/i>2006-2009. Web. 6 March 2013.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

by Christi Anne Hofland This article is based on a paper\u00a0presented at the Nineteenth Annual Russian, East European and Central Asian Studies Northwest Conference in April 2013. Since independence in 1991, Ukraine has struggled with uncertainty as it attempts to solidify a national identity and forge a path for its future. One of its greatest<\/p>\n

Read more<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":416,"featured_media":8442,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,16,21],"tags":[27,78,99,122,147,197],"class_list":["post-269","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-academic-spotlight","category-news","category-student-spotlight","tag-andruhovych","tag-europe","tag-identity","tag-literature","tag-post-soviet","tag-ukraine"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUnderstanding post-Soviet Ukraine through literature - The Ellison Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jsis.washington.edu\/ellisoncenter\/news\/understanding-post-soviet-ukraine-through-literature\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Understanding post-Soviet Ukraine through literature - The Ellison Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"by Christi Anne Hofland This article is based on a paper\u00a0presented at the Nineteenth Annual Russian, East European and Central Asian Studies Northwest Conference in April 2013. 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